Physiological bases and mechanisms of action of bariatric and metabolic surgery

Abstract

Currently, bariatric and metabolic surgery is considered a therapeutic strategy with formal indication in the management of obesity and its comorbidities, since it acts on the body not only in terms of weight loss, it also positively impacts the metabolic profile of the individual. , promoting changes that directly influence multiple organs and systems, which is why the stigma of being a surgery for obesity has collapsed resoundingly in the face of scientific evidence that supports a positive metabolic change even in patients with low degrees of obesity, overweight and not obese. This has generated a new trend towards the name metabolic surgery to encompass all these effects and not pigeonhole it in the context of only the obese. This publication aims to provide a brief but well-founded summary of the main mechanisms of action induced by these techniques.