Utilidad diagnostica transoperatoria de la videobroncoscopia en la patología tiroidea, a propósito de un caso: bocio multinodular gigante con síntomas compresivos de la vía área

Abstract

Introduction: Goiter is an abnormal increase in the volume of the thyroid gland. The most important risk factor for its incidence is iodine deficiency in the diet or its low consumption1. Physical examination and imaging studies are used for its diagnosis. Objective: to demonstrate the transoperative diagnostic usefulness of videobronchoscopy in thyroid pathology in cases of giant multinodular goiter. Clinical case: A 65-year-old female was diagnosed with giant multinodular goiter that generated 80% airway obstruction and 50% of the digestive tract. intraoperative a diagnostic videobronchoscopy protocol was performed to demonstrate the tracheal lumina. Video-guided intubation was performed through a flexible armed tube, subsequently resecting the entire goiter. The patient was discharged with supplementary treatment with Eutirox®, calcium, and multidisciplinary management. The final biopsy revealed foci of papillary microcarcinoma with a follicular pattern measuring 0.5 x 0.5 cm with central calcification, which was completely resected. Conclusion: During the transoperative period for total thyroidectomy due to giant multinodular goiter causing airway compression, the use of video-assisted bronchoscopy is highly relevant due to its effectiveness in demonstrating and ruling out infiltration of the pathology that cannot be detected with other imaging studies.