Surgical simulation as a teaching and learning tool

Abstract

Simulation is the act of replicating a process or situation. The objective of surgical simulation is to effectively transfer the skills acquired in the laboratory to the operating room, reducing the learning curves and operational costs. Objectives: To describe the use, advantages, disadvantages, and current state of simulation-based practice as a method of teaching and learning for the training of residents and surgeons in surgical training programs, as reported in the current scientific literature. Methods: A literature search was conducted using keywords. The findings of each study were synthesized in a narrative review. Results: Surgical simulation is an educational tool that offers unique advantages. It allows for the development of flexible and individualized training programs, emphasizes problem-based, competency-based, and skill-based learning, and accelerates the learning process by providing safe environments to practice complex surgical procedures. Furthermore, it supports feedback and post-analysis, encourages multidisciplinary training, and facilitates research and innovation, ultimately enhancing the quality of healthcare. Conclusions: The practical benefits of structured training programs have made simulation-based education a feasible, reliable, and highly attractive teaching method. Simulation not only contributes to the professional development of residents but also improves patient safety and the overall quality of healthcare services.