Aneurysm of the humeral artery associated with brachial arteriovenous fistula in a kidney transplant patient. Clinical case presentation

Abstract

Arterial aneurysms of the humeral artery (AAH) in patients with arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are an infrequent entity. The vast majority are anastomotic or venous pseudoaneurysms, which occur due to adaptation of arterial walls to the flow by arteriovenous communication, causing the release of factors that stimulate the fragmentation of the elastic fibers of the inner layer of the arterial wall. When they are presented, they merit resection with extraction of aneurysm content plus prosthesis placement.

We present the case of a 57-year-old patient with a history of chronic renal disease treated with hemodialysis by left brachial arteriovenous fistula (AVF), with pulsatile mass proximal to AVF of approximately 7x5cm in diameter, of nine months evolution. The diagnosis was a true left humeral artery aneurysm.