Is Robotic Bariatric Surgery Viable in Venezuela? : A Comprehensive Analysis of Cost-Effectiveness, Operative Efficiency, and Future Perspectives.

Abstract

Abstract

Introduction: The evolution of minimally invasive surgery has driven the adoption of robotic platforms in bariatric procedures. Although systems such as the da Vinci® offer greater precision and ergonomics, their high operating costs raise questions regarding their viability and cost-effectiveness, particularly in developing healthcare systems like that of Venezuela. Objective: To determine the clinical and financial scenarios in which robotic bariatric surgery becomes a justified investment, analyzing its cost-effectiveness, operational efficiency, and future perspectives within the Venezuelan context. Methods: An exhaustive review of recent international literature and meta-analyses (2022–2025) was conducted. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) and the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). Results: Robotic surgery is consistently more expensive than laparoscopy, with an average cost increase of approximately $3,819 USD per case. While laparoscopy remains the most cost-effective option for primary procedures (routine sleeve and bypass), robotic assistance demonstrates superior results in high-complexity scenarios, such as revisional surgeries and extreme obesity. Future viability depends on the expiration of fundamental patents and the entry of global competitors, which is expected to democratize the technology and reduce costs. Conclusion: Although robotic bariatric surgery in Venezuela is currently a privilege with limited profitability, it represents a necessary step toward closing the regional technological gap. Its implementation is clinically justified in complex cases where it mitigates costly perioperative complications.